10.4. Mechanisms of compensatory payments to the population for unsatisfactory transport conditions.

When even in the far future (after 2015) a problem of transport discrimination will not be solved, it is expedient to use extra charge from regional (or municipal) budget for bad transport conditions (it is similar to extra charges for bad ecological conditions or similar extra charges for people, who live on Far North (northern extra charges)). Unlike polar areas the authority should be interested in that the village has not become deserted. If the authority can not solve the problem of spatial discrimination fast it is necessary to compensate these adverse conditions. Thus performance of the road program is stimulated as only when we achieve the specifications of MTS, extra charge can be cancelled.

Table 10.4

Estimation of compensatory payments to the population for bad road conditions

Area

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

1

Agryzsky

3,15

0

0

11,15

0,0

0,0

0,0

0

2

Aznakaevsky

1,20

0

0

11,24

0,0

0,0

0,0

0

3

Aksubaevsky

1,20

1

2

7,15

0,2

0,15

0,05

108

4

Aktanyschsky

1,30

0

0

8,04

0,0

0,0

0,0

0

5

Alekseevsky

1,26

2

487

8,63

35,8

20,5

15,3

73

6

Alkeevsky

1,52

0

0

6,93

0,0

0,0

0,0

0

7

Almetevsky

1,05

15

3456

10,17

203,4

166,9

36,5

59

8

Apastovsky

1,14

0

0

7,74

0,0

0,0

0,0

0

9

Arsky

1,51

1

4

8,1

0,2

0,15

0,05

53

10

Atninsky

0,82

5

624

7,28

52,8

22,3

30,5

85

11

Bavlinsky

0,89

1

211

8,43

8,1

7,5

0,6

38

12

Baltasinski

1,05

0

0

8,65

0,0

0,0

0,0

0

13

Bugulminsky

0,87

10

1331

18,51

66,5

55,9

10,6

50

14

Buinsky

0,98

4

87

7,62

3,9

3,7

0,2

45

15

Verxneuslonsky

1,55

0

0

8,8

0,0

0,0

0,0

0

16

Visokogorsky

1,39

8

2478

9,39

267,9

104,1

163,8

108

17

Drojanovsky

1,17

0

0

6,45

0,0

0,0

0,0

0

18

Elabujsky

1,02

0

0

6,93

0,0

0,0

0,0

0

19

Zainsky

1,07

19

1413

7,43

73,6

59,4

14,2

52

20

Zelenodolsky

1,22

5

232

9,75

13,0

9,8

3,2

56

21

Kaibitsky

2,01

0

0

7,17

0,0

0,0

0,0

0

22

Kamsko-Ustinsky

1,16

0

0

9,53

0,0

0,0

0,0

0

23

Kukmorsky

2,02

2

35

7,79

5,8

1,5

4,3

167

24

Laischevsky

1,83

9

1073

9,86

61,6

45,1

16,5

57

25

Leninogorsky

0,97

8

200

8,28

17,1

8,4

8,7

86

26

Mamadischsky

1,77

1

2

7,65

0,15

0,08

0,07

71

27

Mendeleevsky

1,06

0

0

9,97

0,0

0,0

0,0

0

28

Menzelinsky

1,60

2

358

8,17

16,3

15,0

1,3

46

29

Musliumovsky

1,25

2

65

7,59

3,6

2,7

0,9

55

30

Nijnekamsky

1,97

0

0

9,76

0,0

0,0

0,0

0

31

Novoscheschminsky

0,79

22

5956

10,19

1216,8

250,0

966,8

205

32

Nurlatsky

1,77

1

1

8,34

0,08

0,03

0,05

81

33

Pestrechinsky

1,51

2

4

8,64

0,18

0,15

0,03

46

34

Ribno-Slobodsky

1,47

20

2525

7,61

281,3

106,0

175,3

112

35

Sabinsky

1,40

0

0

10,05

0,0

0,0

0,0

0

36

Sarmanovsky

1,40

1

2

19,29

0,17

0,07

0,1

91

37

Spassky

1,73

0

0

7,61

0,0

0,0

0,0

0

38

Tetiuschsky

1,43

0

0

7,48

0,0

0,0

0,0

0

39

Tukaevsky

0,94

4

506

10,48

41,9

19,1

22,8

83

40

Tiuliachinsky

1,29

2

305

7,51

34,4

12,8

21,6

113

41

Cheremschansky

0,96

2

210

8,46

13,0

8,8

4,2

69

42

Chistopolsky

0,72

2

4

7,61

0,3

0,18

0,12

66

43

Iutazinsky

0,72

4

416

11,47

27,0

17,5

9,5

65

Total

 

155

21987

9,76

2446,3

937,9

1508,4

111

1 – Size of Integrated transport accessibility (ITA) with a high level of transport discrimination (10 % is worse than the specification), hours.

2 – Number of settlements where ITA exceeds maximum permissible ITA on 10 %.

3 – Number of the economically active  population in settlements where ITA exceeds maximum permissible ITA on 10 %, persons.

4 – Cost of 1 hour of the lost free time of one economically active  inhabitant, rubles.

5 – Total compensation, thousand rubles (in a month).

including:

6 – Tariff expenses, thousand rubles (in a month).

7 – Cost of losses of a free time, thousand rubles (in a month).

8 – Indemnifications on 1 person, rubles (in a month).

 

In table 10.4 the estimation of possible indemnifications to the population, being in zones with high transport discrimination is given. It is considered the population only those settlements which transport accessibility remains more than on 10 % worse than normative. Even after 2050 such settlements are located in 28 of 43 areas of Tatarstan. In total it is allocated 155 such settlements in which nearby 22 thousand persons live.

For each region with its system of spatial structure of population, a tracing and a technical condition of roads, size of ITA of an extreme level of transport discrimination is different (the first column). So, in a Zelenodolsk area – is 1.22 hours. And there are 5 villages and villages in it, where live 232 economically active persons (the second and third columns). Whereas in Kaibitsky and Agryzsky areas there is no such settlement as by virtue of territorially-economic features of these areas, the specification of ITA – more than 2 hours – is high, and for its limits any settlement has not got.

The volume of extra charge consists of two components: additional tariff expenses (by virtue of remoteness) and unproductive losses of a free time, which adult inhabitants (the economically active  population) would spend with greater advantage for education of children, spiritual both physical development and rest. Specific cost of one hour of these losses (the fourth column) also different in each area and depends on a level of incomes. The most dear free time as near to large cities (Leninogorsk, Bugulma, Almetyevsk areas), and in mainly oil-extracting areas (Sarmanovsky area).

The total amount of indemnifications, and also its components, are given accordingly in 5, 6 and 7 columns. In a greater part of areas the tariff component in 2-4 times exceeds a cost estimation of losses of a free time. However there is a big number of areas where cost of losses of a free time exceeds tariff expenses (that is not characteristic for the majority of regions of the Russian Federation). It speaks concerning high capitalization of Tatarstan which predetermines high specific cost of a free time.

It is necessary to note, that 50 % of total amount of indemnifications are necessary on area Novosheshminsky that is connected as with the big population, living in a zone of extreme transport discrimination (27 % of the discriminated population of area), and with high cost of the lost free time of the economically active  population. Among the remained areas four are allocated: Vysokogorsky, Rybno-Slobodsky, Tukaevsky, Kukmorsky.

At last, in the eighth column the size of averages on area of payments on one economically active  person living in the extremely adverse transport-road conditions is given. It is offered to pay to everyone on the average on 111 rubles in a month (from 38 rubles in area Bavlinsky up to 205 rubles in area Novosheshminsky), for which it is possible to make one trip to month in district centre (either other center) to receive services of socially guaranteed minimum. Therefore, starting conditions of ability to live of the people living in one territory, will be equal.

In process of development of a network of motorways the population with extreme discrimination conditions (present 155 settlements) will be reduced and, accordingly, the size of indemnifications to decrease.